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| Centuries: | 18th century - 19th century - 20th century |
| Decades: | 1850s 1860s 1870s - 1880s - 1890s 1900s 1910s |
| Years: | 1881 1882 1883 - 1884 - 1885 1886 1887 |
| 1884 in topic: |
| Subjects: Archaeology - Architecture - |
| Art - Literature (Poetry) - Music - Science |
| Sports - Rail Transport |
| Countries: Australia - Canada - Germany - Ireland - New Zealand - Norway - South Africa - U.S. - UK |
| Leaders: State leaders - Colonial governors |
| Category: Establishments - Disestablishments |
| Births - Deaths - Works |
Year 1884 (MDCCCLXXXIV) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Sunday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar).
Contents |
Events of 1884
January - March
- January 4 - The Fabian Society is founded in London.
- January 5 - Princess Ida premieres at the Savoy Theatre.
- January 18 - Dr William Price attempts to cremate the body of his infant son, Iesu Grist (Jesus Christ) Price, setting a legal precedent for cremation in the UK.
- February 1 - Edition one of the Oxford English Dictionary is published.
- February 7 - Diocese of Madrid-Alcalá is founded.
- March 13 - The siege of Khartoum, Sudan begins (ends on January 26, 1885).
April - June
- April 22 - Colchester earthquake, England; the UK's most destructive.
- May 1 - the first proclamation of eight-hour workday by the Federation of Organized Trades and Labor Unions in the United States. May 1st, called May Day or Labour Day, is now a holiday recognized in almost every industrialized country.
- June 4 - Estonian flag is consecrated as the flag of the Estonian Students Society.
July - September
- July 5 - Germany takes possession of Cameroon.
- July 23 - Today's Courier recorded the first tennis tournaments held in the grounds of Shrubland Hall, Leamington Spa, England.
- August 5 - The cornerstone for the Statue of Liberty is laid on Bedloe's Island in New York Harbor.
- August 10 - A severe earthquake, magnitude 5.5, (intensity VII) occurs off the northeast Atlantic coast. The area affected extends from central Virginia to southern Maine, and west as far as Cleveland.
- September 5 - Staten Island Academy is founded.
October - December
- October - International Meridian Conference in Washington, D.C. fixes the Greenwich meridian as the world's prime meridian.
- October 6 - United States Naval War College is established in Newport, Rhode Island.
- October 18 - University of Wales, Bangor (UK) founded.
- October 22 - The first woman receives a degree from an Irish university. The degree is granted by the Royal University of Ireland.
- November 1 - The Irish Gaelic Athletic Association is founded in Thurles, Ireland.
- November 2 - Timişoara is the first town of Europe with streets illuminated by electric light.
- November 4 - United States presidential election: Democrat Grover Cleveland defeats Republican James G. Blaine in a very close contest to win the first of his non-consecutive terms.
- November 15 - The Berlin Conference which regulated European colonisation and trade in Africa begins (ends February 26, 1885).
- December 1 - American Old West - Near Frisco, New Mexico, deputy sheriff Elfego Baca holds off a gang of 80 Texan cowboys who want to kill him for arresting cowboy Charles McCarthy (the cowboys were terrorizing the area's Hispanos and Baca was working against them).
- December 6 - Washington Monument was completed.
- December 16 - World Cotton Centennial World's Fair opens in New Orleans, Louisiana.
Undated
- Stefan-Boltzmann law reformulated by Ludwig Boltzmann.
- Mark Twain writes The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.
- First ascent made of Castle Mountain by geologist Arthur Philemon Coleman.
- The water hyacinth is introduced in the U.S. and quickly becomes an invasive species.
- Parliamentarism is introduced in Norway.
- Yellow Crane Tower last burned in Wuhan.
- Derby County Football Club formed.
- Leicester City Football Club formed.
Births
| Gregorian calendar | 1884 MDCCCLXXXIV |
| Ab urbe condita | 2637 |
| Armenian calendar | 1333 ԹՎ ՌՅԼԳ |
| Bahá'í calendar | 40 – 41 |
| Berber calendar | 2834 |
| Buddhist calendar | 2428 |
| Burmese calendar | 1246 |
| Chinese calendar | 4520/4580-12-4 (癸未年十二月初四日) — to —
4521/4581-11-15(甲申年十一月十五日) |
| Coptic calendar | 1600 – 1601 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1876 – 1877 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5644 – 5645 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1939 – 1940 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1806 – 1807 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4985 – 4986 |
| Holocene calendar | 11884 |
| Iranian calendar | 1262 – 1263 |
| Islamic calendar | 1301 – 1302 |
| Japanese calendar | Meiji 17 (明治17年) |
| Korean calendar | 4217 |
| Thai solar calendar | 2427 |
January - June
- January 12 - Texas Guinan, American vaudeville performer (d. 1933)
- January 13 - Sophie Tucker, Russian-born singer and comedian (d. 1966)
- January 21 - Roger Nash Baldwin, American social activist (d. 1981)
- January 23 - Ralph DePalma, Italian-born race car driver (d. 1956)
- January 28 - Auguste Piccard, Swiss physicist, balloonist, and inventor (d. 1962)
- January 31 - Theodor Heuss, German politician and publicist (d. 1963)
- February 10 - Frederick Hawksworth, GWR Chief mechanical engineer. (d. 1976)
- February 12
- Max Beckmann, German painter and graphic artist (d. 1950)
- Marie Vassilieff, Russian artist (d. 1957)
- February 13 - Alfred Carlton Gilbert, American athlete and inventor (d. 1961)
- February 14 - Hezekiah M. Washburn, missionary (d. 1972)
- February 16 - Robert J. Flaherty, American filmmaker (d. 1951)
- February 18 - Andrew Watson Myles, Canadian politician (d. 1970)
- February 22 - Abe Attell, American boxer (d. 1970)
- March 6 - R. Williams Parry, Welsh poet (d. 1956)
- March 13 - Sir Hugh Walpole, English novelist (d. 1941)
- March 17 - Alcide Nunez, American jazz musician (d. 1934)
- March 24 - Peter Debye, Dutch chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1966)
- March 25 - Georges Imbert, Alsatian chemist (d. 1950)
- March 26 - Wilhelm Backhaus, German pianist (d. 1969)
- April 4 - Isoroku Yamamoto, Japanese naval commander (d. 1943)
- April 6 - Walter Huston, actor (d. 1950)
- April 12 - Otto Fritz Meyerhof, German-born physician and biochemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1951)
- April 12 - Tenby Davies, Welsh half-mile world champion runner (d. 1932)
- May 1 - Henry Norwest, Canadian World War I sniper (d. 1918)
- May 8 - Harry S. Truman, 33rd President of the United States (d. 1972)
- May 10 - Olga Petrova, English-born actress (d. 1977)
- May 14 - Claudius Dornier, German aircraft designer (d. 1969)
- May 27 - Max Brod, Austrian author (d. 1968)
- May 28 - Edvard Beneš, Austrian politician (d. 1948)
July - December
- July 12 - Amedeo Modigliani, Italian painter and sculptor (d. 1920)
- July 15 - Phraya Manopakorn Nititada, Thailand's First Prime Minister (d. 1948)
- July 18 - Alberto di Jorio, former head of the Vatican Bank and secretary of the 1958 conclave (d. 1979)
- July 23 - Emil Jannings, Swiss actor (d. 1950)
- August 8 - Sara Teasdale, American poet (d. 1933)
- August 10 - Panait Istrati, Romanian writer (d. 1935)
- August 23 - Will Cuppy, American humorist (d. 1949)
- August 30 - Theodor Svedberg, Swedish chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1971)
- September 17 - Charles Tomlinson Griffes, American composer (d. 1920)
- September 24 - İsmet İnönü, Turkish soldier, statesman and the second President of Turkey.(d. 1973)
- September 24 - Hugo Schmeisser, German weapons designer (d. 1953)
- October 7 - Major Harold Geiger, U.S. Army aviation pioneer (d. 1927)
- October 11 - Friedrich Bergius, German chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1949)
- October 11 - Eleanor Roosevelt, First Lady of the United States (d. 1962)
- November 20 - Norman Thomas, American social reformer (d. 1968)
- December 3 - Walther Stampfli, member of the Swiss Federal Council (d. 1965)
- December 30 - Tojo Hideki, Prime Minister of Japan (d. 1948)
- date unknown
- M. Louise Gross, American politician and lobbyist (d. 1951)
- Richard Spikes, African American inventor (d.1962)
- See also Category: 1884 births.
Deaths
January - June
- January 6 - Gregor Mendel, Czech geneticist (b. 1822)
- January 25 - Johann Gottfried Piefke, German conductor and composer (b. 1815)
- March 1 - Isaac Todhunter, English mathematician (b. 1820)
- March 21 - Ezra Abbot, American Bible scholar (b. 1819)
- April 4 - Marie Bashkirtseff, Russian artist (b. 1858)
- April 6 - Emanuel Geibel, poet and dramatist (b. 1815)
- April 24 - Marie Taglioni, ballerina (b. 1804)
- May 12 - Bedřich Smetana, Czech composer (b. 1824)
- May 13 - Cyrus McCormick, American inventor (b. 1809)
- June 25 - Hans Rott, Austrian composer (b. 1858)
July - December
- July 1 - Allan Pinkerton, American detective (b. 1819)
- July 10 - Paul Morphy, American chess player (b. 1837)
- July 15 - Henry Wellesley, 1st Earl Cowley, diplomat (b. 1804)
- October 4 - Leona Florentino, Filipina poet (b. 1849)
- October 18 - William VIII, Duke of Brunswick (b. 1806)
- November 16 - František Chvostek, Moravian physician (b. 1835)
- November 25 - Adolph Wilhelm Hermann Kolbe, German chemist (b. 1818)
- December 1 - William Swainson (lawyer), second, and last, Attorney-General (New Zealand) of the Crown Colony of New Zealand (b. 1809)
- December 20 - Domenico Consolini, Roman Catholic Cardinal (b. 1806)
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- See also Category: 1884 deaths.
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