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April 22 is the 112th day of the year (113th in leap years ) in the Gregorian calendar . There are 253 days remaining until the end of the year.
Events
1500 - Portuguese navigator Pedro Álvares Cabral becomes the first European to sight Brazil .1509 - Henry VIII accedes to the throne of England after the death of his father.1529 - Treaty of Saragossa divides the eastern hemisphere between Spain and Portugal along a line 297.5 leagues or 17° east of the Moluccas .1836 - Texas Revolution : A day after the Battle of San Jacinto forces under Texas General Sam Houston capture Mexican General Antonio López de Santa Anna .1863 - American Civil War : Grierson's Raid begins – troops under Union Colonel Benjamin Grierson attack central Mississippi .1864 - The U.S. Congress passes the Coinage Act which mandates that the inscription "In God We Trust " be placed on all coins minted as United States currency .1889 - At high noon, thousands rush to claim land in the Land Run of 1889 . Within hours the cities of Oklahoma City and Guthrie are formed with populations of at least 10,000.1898 - Spanish-American War : The United States Navy begins a blockade of Cuban ports and the USS Nashville captures a Spanish merchant ship.1912 - Pravda ,Communist Party of the Soviet Union , begins publication in Saint Petersburg .1915 - The use of poison gas in World War I escalates when chlorine gas is released as a chemical weapon in the Second Battle of Ypres .1930 - The United Kingdom , Japan and the United States sign the London Naval Treaty regulating submarine warfare and limiting shipbuilding .1944 - World War II : Operation Persecution initiated – Allied forces land in the Hollandia (currently known as Jayapura) area of New Guinea .1945 - World War II: Prisoners at the Jasenovac concentration camp revolt. 520 are killed and 80 escape.1945 - World War II: Fuehrerbunker : After learning that Soviet forces have taken Eberswalde without a fight, Adolf Hitler admits defeat in his underground bunker and states that suicide is his only recourse.
1954 - Red Scare : Army-McCarthy Hearings begin.1964 - The 1964-1965 New York World's Fair opens for its first season.1970 - First Earth Day celebrated.1972 - Vietnam War : Increased American bombing in Vietnam prompts antiwar protests in New York City , San Francisco , and Los Angeles .1983 - The German magazine, Der Stern Adolf Hitler 's diaries were found in wreckage in East Germany .1992 - In an explosion in Guadalajara, Mexico, 206 people are killed, nearly 500 injured and 15,000 left homeless.1993 - The Holocaust Memorial Museum in Washington, DC is dedicated.1993 - The web browser Mosaic version 1.0 is released.
1997 - Haouch Khemisti massacre in Algeria - 93 villagers killed.1997 - The Japanese embassy hostage crisis ends in Lima, Peru .
1998 - Disney's Animal Kingdom opens at Walt Disney World near Orlando, Florida , United States .2000 - In a pre-dawn raid, federal agents seize six-year-old Elián González from his relatives' home in Miami, Florida .2000 - The Big Number Change takes place in the United Kingdom .
2004 - Two fuel trains collide in Ryongchon , North Korea , killing up to 150 people.2006 - 243 people are injured in pro-democracy protest in Nepal after Nepali security forces open fire on protesters against King Gyanendra .2006 - Four Canadian soldiers are killed 75 kilometers north of Kandahar , Afghanistan by a roadside bomb planted by Taliban militants, the worst single day combat loss for the Canadian army since the Korean War .
Births
1451 - Queen Isabella of Castile and Leon (d. 1504 )1610 - Pope Alexander VIII (d. 1691 )1658 - Giuseppe Torelli , Italian composer (d. 1709 )1690 - John Carteret, 2nd Earl Granville , English statesman (d. 1763 )1692 - James Stirling , Scottish mathematician (d. 1770 )1707 - Henry Fielding , English author (d. 1754 )1711 - Eleazar Wheelock , American founder of Dartmouth College (d. 1779 )1724 - Immanuel Kant , German philosopher (d. 1804 )1744 - James Sullivan , 7th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1808 )1766 - Madame de Staël , French author (d. 1817 )1812 - Solomon Caesar Malan , British orientalist (d. 1894 )1816 - Charles Denis Bourbaki , French general1832 - Julius Sterling Morton , Arbor Day founder (d. 1902 1840 - Odilon Redon , French painter (d. 1916 )1844 - Lewis Thornton Powell , would-be assassin of Secretary of State William H. Seward (d. 1865 )1852 - Guillaume IV, Grand Duke of Luxembourg (d. 1912 )1854 - Henri La Fontaine , Belgian lawyer, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1943 )1860 - Ada Rehan , American stage actress (d. 1916 )1868 - Archduchess Marie Valerie of Austria (d. 1924 )1870 - Vladimir Lenin , Russian revolutionary (d. 1924 )1872 - Princess Margaret of Prussia , queen of Finland (d. 1954 )1873 - Ellen Glasgow , American author (d. 1945 )1876 - Robert Bárány , American physician, Nobel laureate (d. 1936 )1876 - Georg Lurich , Estonian wrestler (d. 1920 )
1881 - Alexander Kerensky , Russian politician (d. 1970 )1884 - Otto Rank , Austrian psychologist (d. 1939 )1889 - Richard Glücks , German SS officer and concentration camp administrator (d. 1945 , by suicide )1891 - Harold Jeffreys , English astronomer (d. 1989 )1891 - Nicola Sacco , American anarchist (d. 1927 )
1891 - Vittorio Jano , Italian engineer (d. 1965 )
1892 - Vernon Johns , American civil rights activist (d. 1965 )1899 - Vladimir Nabokov , Russian writer (d. 1977 )1904 - Robert Oppenheimer , American physicist (d. 1967 )1905 - Robert Choquette , French Canadian novelist, poet and diplomat (d. 1991 )1906 - Eddie Albert , American actor (d. 2005 )1906 - Prince Gustaf Adolf, Duke of Västerbotten , second in line to the Swedish throne (d. 1946 )
1907 - Ivan Efremov , Russian paleontologist and author (d. 1972 )1909 - Rita Levi-Montalcini , Italian neurologist, Nobel laureate 1909 - Indro Montanelli , Italian journalist and historian (d. 2001 )
1910 - Norman Steenrod , American mathematician (d. 1971 )1912 - Kathleen Ferrier , British singer (d. 1953 )1914 - Jan de Hartog , Dutch writer (d. 2002 )1914 - Michael Wittman , German soldier and tank ace (d. 1944 )
1916 - Yehudi Menuhin , American-born violinist (d. 1999 )1918 - Mickey Vernon , baseball player1919 - Donald J. Cram , American chemist, Nobel laureate (d. 2001 )1922 - Charles Mingus , American musician (d. 1979 )1922 - Wolf V. Vishniac , American microbiologist (d. 1973 )
1923 - Avis Bunnage , English actress (d. 1990 )1923 - Bettie Page , American model
1923 - Aaron Spelling , American television producer (d. 2006 )
1925 - George Cole , English actor1926 - Charlotte Rae , American actress1926 - James Stirling , British architect (d. 1992 )
1927 - Laurel Aitken , Jamaican singer (d. 2005 )1935 - Paul Chambers , American jazz bassist (d. 1969 )1936 - Glen Campbell , American musician1936 - Pierre Hétu , French Canadian conductor and pianist (d. 1998 )
1937 - Jack Nicholson , American actor1937 - Jack Nitzsche , American composer (d. 2000 )
1938 - Adam Raphael , English journalist and author1939 - Mel Carter , American singer1939 - Jason Miller , American playwright (d. 2001 )
1939 - Theodor Waigel , German politician and finance minister1943 - Louise Glück , American poet and 12th US Poet Laureate 1944 - Steve Fossett , American adventurer (d. 2007 )1946 - John Waters , American film writer1946 - Louise Harel , Quebec politician
1946 - Nicole Garcia , French actress and director
1946 - Steven L. Bennett , USAF Congressional Medal of Honor Recipient (d. 1972 )1950 - Peter Frampton , English musician1950 - Zygi Wilf , owner of the Minnesota Vikings
1951 - Paul Carrack , English musician1951 - Ana María Shua , Argentine poet
1952 - Marilyn Chambers , American pornographic actress1952 - François Berléand , French actor
1953 - Juhani Komulainen , Finnish composer1955 - Johnnie To , Hong Kong film director and producer1957 - Donald Tusk , Polish Prime Minister1958 - Ken Olandt , American actor1959 - Catherine Mary Stewart , Canadian actress1959 - Ryan Stiles , Canadian-born actor
1960 - Mart Laar , Estonian statesman1960 - Gary Rhodes , English chef1960 - Randall L. Stephenson , American business executive
1962 - Jeff Minter , English video game programmer1965 - Lauri Hendler , actress1965 - Peter Zezel , Canadian ice hockey player
1966 - Mariana Levy , Mexican actress (d. 2005 )1966 - Jeffrey Dean Morgan , American actor
1967 - Sheryl Lee , American actress1967 - Sherri Shepherd , American comedian and actress
1967 - Harvey Williams , American football player
1968 - Zarley Zalapski , Canadian ice hockey player1969 - Dion Dublin , English footballer1970 - Andrea Giani , Italian volleyball player1970 - Regine Velasquez , Filipino singer and actress
1971 - Daisuke Enomoto , Japanese people space tourist 1971 - Eric Mabius , American actor
1972 - Sabine Appelmans , Belgian tennis player1972 - Owen Finegan , Australian rugby union footballer
1973 - Adem Poric , Australian former footballer1973 - Ofer Talker , Israeli footballer
1974 - Diego Costa , Brazilian singer-songwriter1974 - Shavo Odadjian , Armenian-born bassist (System of a Down )
1975 - Greg Moore , Canadian race car driver (d. 1999 )1975 - Carlos Sastre , Spanish cyclist
1976 - Michał Żewłakow , Polish footballer1976 - Paul Henderson , Australian soccer player
1976 - Dan Cloutier , Canadian ice hockey player
1977 - Mark van Bommel , Dutch footballer1977 - Aaron Fink , American guitarist (Breaking Benjamin )
1978 - Jason Stollsteimer , American singer (The Von Bondies )1978 - Esteban Tuero , Argentinian race car driver
1979 - Daniel Johns , Australian musician (Silverchair )1979 - Zoltan Gera , Hungarian footballer
1980 - Nicolas Douchez , French footballer1980 - Courtney Friel , presenter of World Poker Tour
1980 - Carlos Hernández , Venezuelan baseball player
1980 - Aaron Michael Metchik , American actor
1981 - Ken Dorsey , American football player1982 - Kaká , Brazilian footballer1982 - Tim Hamilton , Slovak adult movie actor
1983 - Matt Jones , American football player1984 - Michelle Ryan , English actress1984 - Amelle Berrabah , British singer (Sugababes )
1986 - Dusan Sakota , Serbian-Greek basketball player1986 - Amber Heard , American actress
1986 - Marshawn Lynch , American Football player
Deaths
296 - Pope Caius 455 - Petronius Maximus , Roman Emperor536 - Pope Agapetus I 1592 - Bartolomeo Ammanati , Italian architect (b. 1511 )1616 - Miguel de Cervantes , Spanish writer (b. 1547 )1672 - Georg Stiernhielm , Swedish poet (b. 1598 )1699 - Hans Erasmus Aßmann, Freiherr von Abschatz , German statesman (b. 1646 )1758 - Antoine de Jussieu , French naturalist (b. 1686 )1778 - James Hargreaves , English inventor (b. 1720 )1806 - Pierre-Charles Villeneuve , French admiral (stabbed) (b. 1763 )1833 - Richard Trevithick , English inventor (b. 1771 )1839 - Denis Davydov , Russian general and poet (b. 1784 )1854 - Nicolás Bravo , Mexican politician and soldier (b. 1786 )1877 - James P. Kirkwood , American civil engineer (b. 1807 )1892 - Edouard Lalo , French composer (b. 1823 )1893 - Chaim Aronson , inventor and academic (b. 1825 )1896 - Thomas Meik , British civil engineer (b. 1812 )1908 - Henry Campbell-Bannerman , Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1836 )1925 - André Caplet , French composer (b. 1878 )1929 - Henry Lerolle , French painter (b. 1848 )1930 - Jeppe Aakjaer , Danish poet (b. 1866 )1933 - Henry Royce , British automobile manufacturer (b. 1863 )1945 - Käthe Kollwitz , German artist (b. 1867 )1945 - Wilhelm Cauer , German mathematician (b. 1900 )
1946 - Harlan F. Stone , Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court (b. 1872 )1946 - Lionel Atwill , English Actor (b. 1885 )
1951 - Horace Donisthorpe , British entomologist (b. 1870 )1968 - Stephen H. Sholes , American recording executive (b. 1911 )1978 - Will Geer , American actor (b. 1902 )1980 - Jane Froman , American actress (b. 1907 )1980 - Fritz Strassmann , German physicist (b. 1902 )
1983 - Earl "Fatha" Hines , American jazz pianist (b. 1903 )1983 - John Louis Evans , convicted murderer (executed) (b. 1950 )
1984 - Ansel Adams , American photographer (b. 1902 )1985 - Paul H. Emmett , American chemical engineer (b. 1900 )1985 - Jacques Ferron , French Canadian physician, author and politician (b. 1921 )
1986 - Mircea Eliade , Romanian writer (b. 1907 )1988 - Irene Rich , American actress (b. 1891 )1990 - Albert Salmi , American actor (b. 1928 )1994 - Richard Nixon , 37th President of the United States (b. 1913 )1995 - Maggie Kuhn , American activist (b. 1905 )1996 - Erma Bombeck , American humorist (b. 1927 )1996 - Harold "Jug" McSpaden , American professional golfer (b. 1908 )
1998 - Kitch Christie , South African rugby coach (b. 1940 )1999 - Apostolos Nikolaidis , Greek singer (b. 1938 )1999 - Chan Canasta , magician and mindreader (b. 1920 )
2002 - Linda Lovelace , American adult actress (b. 1949 )2003 - Martha Griffiths , U.S. Congresswoman (b. 1912 )2003 - Michael Larrabee , American athlete (b. 1933 )
2003 - Felice Bryant , American songwriter (b. 1925 )
2004 - Pat Tillman , American football player and U.S. Army Ranger (killed in action) (b. 1976 )2004 - Jason L. Dunham , American Medal of Honor recipient (b. 1981 )
2005 - Norman Bird , UK character actor (b. 1920 )2005 - Robert Farnon , Canadian-born composer and conductor (b. 1917 )
2005 - Erika Fuchs , German translator (b. 1906 )
2005 - Philip Morrison , American physicist (b. 1915 )
2006 - Alida Valli , Italian actress (b. 1921 )2007 - Juanita Millender-McDonald , congresswoman from southern California (b. 1938 )2008 - Ed Chynoweth , Canadian ice hockey executive (b. 1941 )
Holidays and observances
External links
