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Audio connectors and video connectors are electrical connectors for carrying an audio signal or video signal, either in an analog or digital format. Analog A/V connectors often use Shielded cable to inhibit RF interference and noise.
Contents |
Audio Only
Audio connectors are electrical connectors designed and used for audio frequencies. They can be analogue or digital. Common audio connectors include:
- Single-conductor connectors:
- Banana connectors
- Five-way binding posts and banana plugs for loudspeakers
- Fahnestock clips on early breadboard radio receivers.
- Multi-conductor connectors:
- DB25 is for multi-track recording and other multi-channel audio, analog or digital
- DIN connectors and mini-DIN connectors
- RCA connectors, also known as phono connectors or phono plugs, used for analog or digital audio or analog video
- Speakon connectors by Neutrik for loudspeakers
- TRS connector also known as tip-ring-sleeve plug, phone plug, jack plug, mini-jack, and mini-stereo. This includes the original 6.35mm (quarter inch) jack and the more recent 3.5mm (miniature or 1/8th inch) and 2.5mm (subminiature) jacks, both mono and stereo (balanced) versions.
- XLR connectors, also known as Cannon plugs, used for analog or digital balanced audio with a balanced line
- Digital audio interfaces and interconnects:
- ADAT interface (DB25)
- AES/EBU interface, normally with XLR connectors
- S/PDIF, either over electrical coaxial cable (with RCA jacks) or optical fiber (TOSLINK).
Colour codes
| white RCA/TS | analogue audio, left channel; also mono (RCA/TS), stereo (TRS only), or undefined/other |
| black RCA/TS/TRS | |
| grey RCA/TS/TRS | |
| red RCA/TS | analogue audio, right channel |
| orange RCA | SPDIF digital audio |
For computers:
| green TRS 3.5mm | stereo output, front channels |
| black TRS 3.5mm | stereo output, rear channels |
| grey TRS 3.5mm | stereo output, side channels |
| gold TRS 3.5mm | dual output, center and subwoofer |
| blue TRS 3.5mm | stereo input, line level |
| pink TS 3.5mm | mono microphone input |
There are exceptions to the above:
- Hosa cables use grey and orange for left and right analogue channels.
- RadioShack cables sometimes use grey and black for left and right.
- Older sound cards had non-standard colour codes until after PC99, prior to that there were no colours at all.
Video Only
Video connectors carry only video signals. Common video-only connectors include:
- Component video aka YPbPr (3 RCA or BNC; or D-Terminal)
- Composite video (1 RCA, Antenna socket, or BNC)
- DB13W3 ("13W3" computer video connector)
- DMS-59, single connector carrying two DVI and two VGA
- Musa, British connector used in broadcasting and telecommunications
- PAL connector, formerly common in Europe
- S-Video (1 Mini-DIN)
- SDI - Broadcast grade digital interface over BNC cables
- VGA connector A type of D-sub connector standard on most video cards
- Mini-VGA Found on some laptop computers
- 5 BNC Connectors can also be used to carry the VGA signal as R, G, B, HSync, VSync
- Digital Visual Interface (DVI) A hybrid analog/digital connector commonly found on PC graphics cards and LCD monitors
- Mini-DVI Found on some Apple laptops
- Enhanced Graphics Adapter (EGA)
- RGBI interface
- RGB interface
Colour codes
| yellow RCA/BNC | composite video |
| red RCA/BNC | red or Pr/Cr chrominance |
| green RCA/BNC | green or luminance |
| blue RCA/BNC | blue or Pb/Cb chrominance |
| white BNC | horizontal sync |
| black BNC | vertical sync |
Newer connectors are identified by their shape and not their colour.
Multiple signals
Some connectors can carry both audio and video signals simultaneously:
- DisplayPort digital connector
- Unified Display Interface (UDI)
- F connectors are used with RF modulators for televisions without direct inputs
- HDMI is a new digital standard
- SCART, now the most common in Europe
- TRS connectors with more than one ring, or Sony's hybrid RCA with a TRS pin
- Coaxial cable/RG-6/RG-59/Cable television (CATV)
Other composite connectors carry video, power, and USB:
- ADC, now-defunct Apple Display Connector
See also
- High-end audio cables
- Category:Digital display connectors
- Category:Computer and telecommunication standards
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