Deep Throat (film)

Deep Throat
Deep Throat poster
Directed by	Gerard Damiano
Produced by	Louis Peraino
Written by	Gerard Damiano
Starring	Harry Reems Linda Lovelace Dolly Sharp Carol Connors
Cinematography	Harry Flecks
Editing by	Gerard Damiano
Release date(s)	1972
Running time	61 mins.
Country	United States
Language	English
Budget	$22,500
IMDb profile

Deep Throat is an American pornographic film released in the summer of 1972, written and directed by Gerard Damiano (listed in the credits as "Jerry Gerard") and starring Linda Lovelace (the pseudonym of Linda Susan Boreman).

Description and plot

A sexually frustrated woman (Linda Lovelace, credited as playing "Herself") asks her friend Helen (played by Dolly Sharp) for advice on how to achieve an orgasm. After a sex party provides no help, Helen recommends that Linda visit a doctor (played by Harry Reems). The doctor discovers that Linda's clitoris is located in her throat; she then goes on to work as a therapist for the doctor and performs a particular technique of oral sex—thereafter known as "deep throat"—on various men, until she finds the one to marry. Meanwhile, the doctor has sex with his blonde nurse (played by Carol Connors). The movie ends with the line "The End. And Deep Throat to you all."

The movie, 61 minutes long, is intended to be humorous with highly tongue-in-cheek dialogues and songs; fireworks going off and bells ringing during orgasm.

The various explicit scenes of oral, anal and vaginal sex acts led to an X rating by the MPAA film rating system.

Porno chic and pop culture influence

Deep Throat was glowingly reviewed by Al Goldstein in Screw magazine on June 5, 1972. It officially premiered at the World Theater in New York on June 12 and was advertised in The New York Times under the bowdlerized title "Throat".

The film's popularity helped launch a brief period of upper-middle class interest in explicit pornography referred to by Ralph Blumenthal of The New York Times as "porno chic." Several mainstream celebrities admitted to having seen Deep Throat, including Truman Capote, Jack Nicholson and Johnny Carson.^[1] Barbara Walter's mentions having seen the film in her autobiography, "Audition."

The film's title soon became a pop culture reference, most notably when then-Washington Post managing editor Howard Simons chose "Deep Throat" as the pseudonym for a Watergate informant, many years later revealed to be W. Mark Felt.

Production and revenue

The scenes involving Linda Lovelace were shot in Miami over 6 days in January 1972; the scenes involving Carol Connors were shot in New York City.

The movie was produced by Louis "Butchie" Peraino (listed in the credits as "Lou Perry"), with most of the production cost of $22,500 coming from his father Anthony Peraino and his uncle Joe "The Whale" Peraino, both "made" members of the Colombo crime family. Gerard Damiano, who had rights to one-third of the profits, was reportedly paid a lump sum of $25,000 once the film became popular and was forced out of the partnership.^[1] The film was then distributed by a network of Mafia-connected associates of the Peraino family.

Estimates of the film's total revenues have varied widely: numbers as high as $600 million have been cited, which would make Deep Throat the most profitable film of all time. Michael Hiltzik of the Los Angeles Times argues for a lower figure, however, pointing out that Deep Throat was banned outright in large parts of the country and only tended to find screenings in a small network of adult theaters in larger urban centers. With an average ticket price of $5.00 (adult film admission prices were considerably higher than the national average for non-adult fare), box-office takings of $600 million would have necessitated 120,000,000 admissions, an unrealistic figure.^[1]) Although subsequent sales of the film on home videotape (the home video market did not begin to gain momentum until the late 1970s), certainly brought additional revenue, the FBI's estimate that the film produced an income of approximately $100 million may be closer to the truth.

Afterward, the directors of Inside Deep Throat wrote letter to respond Michael Hiltzik.[1]

Roger Ebert, the popular movie critic, noted as well in his review of Inside Deep Throat - a 2005 documentary about the film's cultural legacy - that many theaters that screened the film were mob-connected enterprises which probably also "inflated box office receipts as a way of laundering income from drugs and prostitution" and other illegal mob-connected activities.^[2]

In 2006 a censored edition of the film was released on DVD for fans of pop culture and those wishing to own a legitimate copy of the infamous movie. The DVD was given the following ratings:

Singapore:M18 | Iceland:16 | Canada:18+ (Quebec) | Australia:R | Singapore:NC-16 (edited version) | Canada:18A (Alberta/British Columbia/Manitoba/Nova Scotia/Ontario) | Norway:18 |

Linda Boreman's allegations

In her first two biographies, Linda Boreman characterizes making the film as a liberating experience; in her third and fourth biographies (written after making the acquaintance of Andrea Dworkin), she charges that she did not consent to many of the depicted sexual acts and that she was coerced to perform by her abusive husband, Chuck Traynor, who received $1250 for her acting. She also claimed she was hypnotized by Traynor, who brandished handguns and rifles to control her every move.

In 1986, she testified before the Meese Commission that, "Virtually every time someone watches that movie, they're watching me being raped." And in the Toronto Sun on March 20, 1981 she said that, "It is a crime that movie is still showing; there was a gun to my head the entire time." While the other people present on the set did not support the gun charge, both Traynor and Damiano confirmed in interviews that Traynor was extremely controlling towards Boreman and also hit her on occasion. In the documentary Inside Deep Throat (see above) it is claimed that bruises are visible on Boreman's body in the movie.

These allegations were cited in the UK Government's Rapid Evidence Assessment on "The evidence of harm to adults relating to exposure to extreme pornographic material" [2] as part of its plans to criminalise possession of what it terms "extreme pornography".

Obscenity litigation

In various communities in the U.S., the movie was shown to juries to determine whether it was obscene; the outcomes varied widely and the movie was banned in numerous locations. After a jury in New York in 1972 had found the movie not to be obscene, prosecutors decided to charge a corporation with obscenity in order to avoid a jury trial.^[1] The movie was eventually found obscene in New York.

In 1976, there was a series of federal cases in Memphis, Tennessee, where over 60 individuals and companies, including the Perainos and actor Harry Reems, were indicted for conspiracy to distribute obscenity across state lines. Damiano and Lovelace were granted immunity in exchange for testimony. The Hon. Harry W. Wellford was the Federal District Court judge that heard the case. The trials ended in convictions.

This was the first time that an actor had been prosecuted by the federal government on obscenity charges. (Lenny Bruce had been prosecuted in the 1960s by local authorities.) Reems became a cause célèbre and received considerable support from Hollywood circles. On appeal, he was represented by Alan Dershowitz, and his conviction was overturned: the Miller test had been applied in his case even though the alleged conspiracy happened in 1972 and the Miller decision occurred in 1973, thus being an ex post facto prosecution. The Perainos and some other major players connected to organized crime received short prison sentences.

In 1995, while in Las Vegas for an obscenity trial, Louis Peraino met and befriended Raymond Pistol, a local adult club owner, and sold Pistol rights to his entire library including Deep Throat.

In the UK, the movie was banned upon release, and the ban was upheld by the courts 10 years later. The DVD of the movie was finally given an R18 rating in 2000, which allowed it to be sold in licensed sex shops in the UK.^[3]

Dutch television (2008)

On February 23, 2008, Dutch public broadcasting corporations VPRO and BNN screened Deep Throat on national television as part of a themed night on the history of pornographic films, and the influence of pornography in youth culture in The Netherlands. Although the film aired after 10 PM, following a guideline for adult television, and was embedded in a discussion program, political parties (especially Dutch cabinet member party ChristianUnion) were clamouring for steps to be taken to prevent airing. The Minister of Education and Media Ronald Plasterk declared that he could not and did not want to forbid the airing of the film. The movie has been seen by 907,000 viewers.^{[citation needed]}

Soundtrack

An original soundtrack album for the film was released by Trunk Records in 1972. Few copies exist today and when on the market, they have sold for as much as US$300. The album contains both instrumental and vocals tracks as well as short snippets of dialogue from the film (indicated with quotations in the list below). All artists are unknown. A remixed and remastered CD and LP version is available from Light in the Attic Records (see links). Director Gerard Damiano reportedly cut the sex scenes to conform to different musical cues.^[4]

Original track list:

1. Introducing Linda Lovelace
2. "Mind if I smoke while you're eating?"
3. Blowing' Bubbles
4. "A Lot of little tingles"
5. Love Is Strange
6. "A nice joint like you..."
7. "You have no tinkler!"
8. Deep Throat
9. "I wanna be your slave"
10. "My love is like a big blonde afro (Jah-ron-o-mo)"
11. Nurse Lovelace
12. I'd Like To Teach You All To Screw (It's The Real Thing)
13. Nurse About the House
14. "I got Blue Cross"
15. Old Dr. Young
16. Masked Marvel

Sequels

• The original sequel to Deep Throat - Deep Throat Part II - was written and directed by Joseph W. Sarno and featured the original stars Linda Lovelace and Harry Reems. Shot in New York City in early 1973, it was released in New York in February 1974 with an MPAA "R" rating. Although attributed to Damiano Films, Deep Throat director Gerard Damiano was not involved with its production. The film was produced, however, by Deep Throat producer Louis Peraino, who had in the meantime founded the mainstream distribution company Bryanston Films. The version of Deep Throat Part II currently available on DVD is bowdlerized to the point where the film contains virtually no sexual content of any sort, probably a by-product of its efforts to receive an MPAA R rating at the time of its release. An Italian DVD release of the film, however, contains its original softcore sex scenes. It has long been claimed that Deep Throat Part II was originally shot with the intention of releasing it as a hardcore feature and that hardcore sequences shot for the film were stolen while the film was in post-production. Director Joe Sarno, however, has insisted in interviews that this is not the case. Vivid Entertainment owner Steven Hirsch told XFANZ reporters at the FAME Awards in June 2008 that the company is producing a remake of Deep Throat starring popular pornstar Sasha Grey^[5]

• Deep Throat II (1987), along with the subsequent DT sequels, have different actors and directors and, despite the title, are not "sequels" to Deep Throat.
• Deep Throat 3 (1989) starred Peter North.
• Deep Throat 4 (1990) directed by Ron Jeremy.
• Deep Throat 5 (1991) directed by Ron Jeremy.
• Deep Throat 6 (1992) directed by Ron Jeremy.

Miscellany

• The film temporarily launched a surge of popularity for pornographic movies to the middle-class.

• Jimmy Vaughan (an English distributor of the film) distributed it illegally because he didn't have the rights to it and was subsequently pulled into a two-year legal battle with the one of the prominent New York mafia families (who did own the rights to it). After two years, the case was settled and Jimmy Vaughan had to pay the opposition $200,000.

References

Notes

Further reading

• Legs McNeil, Jennifer Osborne and Peter Pavia: The Other Hollywood: The Uncensored Oral History of the Porn Film Industry. Regan Books 2005. ISBN 0-06-009659-4

External links

Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to:

Deep Throat (film)

• Deep Throat review with some photos
• Interview with FBI agent Bill Kelly who investigated the obscenity case
• Luke Ford's collected notes on Deep Throat and Linda Lovelace, very extensive
• "That old feeling: when porno was chic", Time, March 29, 2005
• Light in the Attic Records release of the soundtrack, including sound samples and MP3s.