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March 29 leap years ) in the Gregorian calendar . There are 277 days remaining until the end of the year.
Events
1461 - Wars of the Roses : Battle of Towton - Edward of York defeats Queen Margaret to become King Edward IV of England .1549 - The city of Salvador da Bahia , the first capital of Brazil , is founded.1632 - Treaty of Saint-Germain is signed, returning Quebec to French control after the English had seized it in 1629 .1638 - Swedish colonists establish the first settlement in Delaware , naming it New Sweden .1792 - King Gustav III of Sweden dies after being shot in the back at a midnight masquerade ball at Stockholm 's Royal Opera just 13 days earlier. He is succeeded by Gustav IV Adolf .1799 - New York passes a law aimed at gradually abolishing slavery in the state.1806 - Construction is authorized of the Great National Pike, better known as the Cumberland Road , becoming the first United States federal highway .1809 - King Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden abdicates after a coup d'état . At the Diet of Porvoo , Finland 's four Estates pledge allegiance to Alexander I of Russia , commencing the secession of the Grand Duchy of Finland from Sweden .1831 - Great Bosnian uprising : Bosniak rebel against Turkey .1847 - Mexican-American War : United States forces led by General Winfield Scott take Veracruz after a siege .1849 - The United Kingdom annexes the Punjab .1857 - Sepoy Mangal Pandey of the 34th Regiment , Bengal Native Infantry revolts against the British rule in India and inspires a long-drawn War of Independence of 1857 also known as the Sepoy Mutiny .1865 - American Civil War : The Battle of Appomattox Court House begins.1867 - Queen Victoria gives Royal Assent to the British North America Act which establishes the Dominion of Canada on July 1 .1871 - The Royal Albert Hall is opened by Queen Victoria.1879 - Anglo-Zulu War : Battle of Kambula : British forces defeat 20,000 Zulus .1882 - The Knights of Columbus are established.1886 - Dr. John Pemberton brews the first batch of Coca-Cola in a backyard in Atlanta, Georgia .1930 - Heinrich Brüning is appointed German Reichskanzler .1936 - In Germany, Adolf Hitler receives 99% of the votes in a referendum to ratify Germany's illegal reoccupation of the Rhineland , receiving 44.5 million votes out of 45.5 million registered voters.1941 - World War II : British Royal Navy and Royal Australian Navy forces defeat those of the Italian Regia Marina Peloponnesus coast of Greece in the Battle of Cape Matapan .1942 - The Bombing of Lübeck in World War II was the first major success for the RAF Bomber Command against Germany and a German city.1945 - World War II: Last day of V-1 flying bomb attacks on England.1951 - Ethel and Julius Rosenberg are convicted of conspiracy to commit espionage .1961 - The Twenty-third Amendment to the United States Constitution is ratified, allowing residents of Washington, D.C. to vote in presidential elections.1971 - My Lai massacre : Lt. William Calley is convicted of premeditated murder and sentenced to life in prison.1971 - A Los Angeles, California jury recommends the death penalty for Charles Manson and three female followers.
1973 - Vietnam War : The last United States combat soldiers leave South Vietnam .1974 - NASA 's Mariner 10 becomes the first spaceprobe to fly by Mercury . It was launched on November 3 , 1973.1982 - The Canada Act 1982 (U.K.) receives the Royal Assent from Queen Elizabeth II , setting the stage for the Queen of Canada to proclaim the Constitution Act, 1982 .1987 - Wrestlemania III sets a world indoor attendance record at the Pontiac Silverdome with 93,173 fans.1993 - Catherine Callbeck becomes premier of Prince Edward Island and Canada's first female to be elected in a general election as a premier .1999 - The Dow Jones Industrial Average closes at 10006.78 – above the 10,000 mark for the first time ever.2004 - Bulgaria , Estonia , Latvia , Lithuania , Romania , Slovakia and Slovenia join NATO as full members.2004 - The Republic of Ireland becomes the first country in the world to ban smoking in all work places, including bars and restaurants.
Births
1553 - Vitsentzos Kornaros , Greek Renaissance poet (d. 1613 or 1614 )1584 - Ferdinando Fairfax, 2nd Lord Fairfax of Cameron , English general (d. 1648 )1602 - John Lightfoot , English churchman (d. 1675 )1668 - Thomas Coram , Founder of the Foundling Hospital (d. 1751 )1713 - John Ponsonby , Irish politician (d. 1789 )1746 - Carlo Buonaparte , father of Napoleon Bonaparte (d. 1785 )1769 - Nicolas Jean de Dieu Soult , French marshal (d. 1851 )1790 - John Tyler , 10th President of the United States (d. 1862 )1799 - Edward Smith-Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby , Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1869 )1824 - Ludwig Büchner , German philosopher and physician (d. 1899 )1826 - Wilhelm Liebknecht , German journalist and politician (d. 1900 )1867 - Cy Young , American baseball player (d. 1955 )1869 - Aleš Hrdlička , Czech anthropologist living in the United States (d. 1943 )1870 - Pavlos Melas , Greek officer who organized and participated in the Greek Struggle for Macedonia (d. 1904 )1873 - Tullio Levi-Civita , Italian mathematician (d. 1941 )1874 - Lou Hoover , First Lady of the United States (d. 1944 )1888 - Enea Bossi , Italian-American engineer and aviation pioneer (d. 1963 )1889 - Warner Baxter , American actor (d. 1951 )1891 - Yvan Goll , French-German writer (d. 1950 )1891 - Alfred Neubauer , German racing team manager (Mercedes Benz ) (d. 1980 )
1892 - József Cardinal Mindszenty , Hungarian Catholic cardinal (d. 1975 )1895 - Ernst Jünger , German author (d. 1998 )1899 - Lavrenty Beria , Soviet Communist leader (d. 1953 )1900 - John McEwen , eighteenth Prime Minister of Australia (d. 1980 )1900 - Bill Aston , British racing driver (d. 1974 )
1901 - Andrija Maurovic , Croatian illustrator (d. 1981 )1902 - Marcel Aymé , French writer (d. 1967 )1902 - William Walton , English composer (d. 1983 )
1905 - Philip Ahn , American actor (d. 1978 )1906 - E. Power Biggs American concert organist (d. 1977 )1907 - "Braguinha" , Brazilian songwriter (d. 2006 )1908 - Arthur O'Connell , American actor (d. 1981 )1908 - Dennis O'Keefe , American actor (d. 1968 )
1911 - Brigitte Horney , German actress (d. 1988 )1912 - Hanna Reitsch , German test pilot (d. 1979 )1913 - Tony Zale , American boxer (d. 1997 )1913 - R. S. Thomas , Welsh poet (d. 2000 )
1914 - Phil Foster , American actor (d. 1985 )1916 - Eugene McCarthy , American politician (d. 2005 )1917 - Man o' War , American thoroughbred racehorse (d. 1947 )1918 - Pearl Bailey , American singer and actress (d. 1990 )1918 - Sam Walton , American businessman (d. 1992 )
1919 - Eileen Heckart , American actress (d. 2001 )1920 - John Belk , American head of Belk, Inc. (d. 2007 )1927 - John McLaughlin , American political commentator1927 - John Robert Vane , English pharmacologist, Nobel laureate (d. 2004 )
1928 - Vincent Gigante , American mafioso (d. 2005 )1929 - Lennart Meri , President of Estonia (d. 2006 )1929 - Richard Lewontin , American biologist
1929 - Utpal Dutt , Indian actor (d. 1993 )
1931 - Aleksei Gubarev , Soviet cosmonaut1931 - Norman Tebbit , British politician
1933 - Jacques Brault , French Canadian poet1934 - Paul Crouch , American televangelist1936 - Judith Guest , American author1936 - Mogens Camre , Danish politician
1937 - Billy Carter , brother of Jimmy Carter (d. 1988 )1939 - Terence Hill , Italian actor1939 - Roland Arnall , American businessman and diplomat (d. 2008 ).
1940 - Ray Davis , American musician (d. 2005 )1940 - Astrud Gilberto , Brazilian singer
1941 - Joseph Hooton Taylor, Jr. , American astrophysicist, Nobel laureate 1941 - Eden Kane , British singer
1943 - Eric Idle , English actor, writer, and composer1943 - Sir John Major , former Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
1943 - Vangelis , Greek musician and composer
1944 - Terry Jacks , Canadian musician, songwriter, and activist1944 - Denny McLain , American baseball player
1945 - Walt Frazier , American basketball player1946 - Billy Thorpe , Australian singer (d. 2007 )1947 - Bobby Kimball , American singer1948 - Bud Cort , American actor1949 - Keith Simpson , British politician1949 - Michael Brecker , American jazz saxophonist (d. 2007 )
1949 - John Arthur Spenkelink , American murderer (d. 1979 )
1952 - Teófilo Stevenson , Cuban boxer1954 - Dianne Kay , American actress1954 - Karen Ann Quinlan , American right-to-die cause célèbre (d. 1985 )
1955 - Earl Campbell , American football player1955 - Brendan Gleeson , Irish actor
1955 - Christopher Lawford , Irish actor
1955 - Marina Sirtis , English actress
1956 - Patty Donahue , American singer (d. 1996 )1956 - Stephen Cole , English journalist
1956 - Kurt Thomas , American gymnast
1957 - Christopher Lambert , French actor1958 - Victor Salva , American film director1959 - Barry Blanchard , Canadian mountaineer1959 - Perry Farrell , American musician
1959 - Brad McCrimmon , Canadian ice hockey player
1961 - Mike Kingery , American baseball player1961 - Amy Sedaris , American actress and comedian
1961 - Gary Brabham , Australian racing driver
1964 - Michael A. Jackson , Maryland politician1964 - Elle Macpherson , Australian model1965 - William Oefelein , American Astronaut1965 - Voula Patoulidou , Greek athlete
1965 - Emilios T. Harlaftis , Greek astrophysicist (d. 2005 )
1967 - Brian Jordan , American baseball player1967 - John Popper , American musician
1968 - Sue Foley , Canadian singer and guitarist1968 - Lucy Lawless , New Zealand actress and singer
1971 - Lara Logan , South-African born journalist and reporter
1972 - Michel Ancel , French game designer1972 - Rui Costa , Portugal footballer
1972 - Junichi Suwabe , Japanese voice actor
1973 - Marc Overmars , Dutch footballer1974 - Kristoffer Cusick , American actor1974 - Marc Gené , Spanish racing car driver
1976 - Igor Astarloa , Spanish cyclist1976 - Jennifer Capriati , American tennis player
1978 - Michael Kaczurak , American singer and actor1980 - Kim Tae Hee , South Korean actress1980 - Prince Hamzah bin Al Hussein , of Jordan
1980 - Amy Mathews , Australian actress
1981 - Megan Hilty , American actress1981 - Jlloyd Samuel , WestIndian-born footballer
1982 - Hideaki Takizawa , Japanese artist1983 - Luiza Sá , Brazilian musician1985 - Maxim Lapierre , Canadian ice hockey forward1985 - Mickey Pimentel , National Football League linebacker
1986 - Sylvan Ebanks-Blake , English footballer
Deaths
1058 - Pope Stephen IX (b. c.1020 )1368 - Emperor Go-Murakami , Emperor of Japan (b. 1328 )1461 - Henry Percy, 3rd Earl of Northumberland , English politician (b. 1421 )1578 - Arthur Champernowne , English admiral (b. 1524 )1578 - Louis I, Cardinal of Guise , French cardinal (b. 1527 )
1625 - Antonio de Herrera y Tordesillas , Spanish historian (b. 1549 )1628 - Tobias Matthew , Archbishop of York (b. 1546 )1629 - Jacob de Gheyn II , Dutch artist (b. 1565 )1683 - Yaoya Oshichi , a young girl burned at the stake for arson in 17th Century Japan (b. 1667 )
1751 - Thomas Coram , English sea captain and philanthropist1772 - Emanuel Swedenborg , Swedish philosopher and mathematician (b. 1688 )1788 - Charles Wesley , English Methodist hymnist (b. 1707 )1792 - King Gustav III of Sweden (shot) (b. 1746 )1800 - Marc René, marquis de Montalembert , French military engineer and writer (b. 1714 )1803 - Gottfried van Swieten , Dutch composer (b. 1733 )1826 - Johann Heinrich Voß , German poet (b. 1751 )1848 - John Jacob Astor , American businessman (b. 1763 )1855 - Henri Druey , Swiss Federal Councilor (b. 1799 )1873 - Francesco Zantedeschi , Italian physicist (b. 1797 )1888 - Charles-Valentin Alkan , French composer (b. 1813 )1906 - Slava Raskaj , Croatian painter (b. 1878 )1912 - Henry Robertson Bowers - member of the Scott Expedition to the South Pole (b. 1883 )1912 - Sir Robert Falcon Scott , English explorer - member of the Scott Expedition to the South Pole (b. 1868 )
1912 - Edward Adrian Wilson , English physician and naturalist - member of the Scott Expedition to the South Pole (b. 1872 )
1924 - Charles Villiers Stanford , Irish composer (b. 1852 )1934 - Otto Hermann Kahn , German millionaire and benefactor (b. 1867 )1937 - Karol Szymanowski , Polish composer (b. 1882 )1940 - Alexander Obolensky , Russian prince and famed Rugby Union footballer who played for England.(b. 1916 )1948 - Olev Siinmaa , Estonian architect (b. 1881 )1956 - Infante Alfonso of Spain (b. 1941 )1957 - Joyce Cary , Irish author (b. 1888 )1959 - Barthelemy Boganda , first President of the Central African Republic (b. 1910 )1970 - Anna Louise Strong , American communist journalist (b. 1885 )1971 - Dhirendranath Datta , Bangladeshi politician (b. 1886 )1972 - Lord J. Arthur Rank , British movie theater owner (b. 1888 )1980 - Mantovani , Italian-born conductor and arranger (b. 1905 )1982 - Carl Orff , German composer (b. 1895 )1982 - Nathan Twining , USAF general (b. 1897 )
1985 - Luther Terry , Surgeon General of the United States (b. 1911 )1985 - Jeanine Deckers , Belgian nun, The Singing Nun (b. 1933 )
1986 - Harry Ritz , American actor and comedian (b. 1907 )1988 - Ted Kluszewski , American baseball player (b. 1924 )1989 - Bernard Blier , French actor (b. 1916 )1991 - Lee Atwater , American political consultant (b. 1951 )1992 - Paul Henreid , Austrian actor (b. 1908 )1994 - Bill Travers , British actor (b. 1922 )1995 - Baltimora , British singer (b. 1957 )1995 - Terry Moore , American baseball player (b. 1912 )
1996 - Frank Daniel , Czech-born writer, director, producer and teacher (b. 1926 )1996 - Bill Goldsworthy , Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1944 )
1999 - Joe Williams , American singer (b. 1918 )2001 - Helge Ingstad , Norwegian explorer (b. 1899 )2001 - John Lewis , American jazz pianist (b. 1920 )
2002 - Rico Yan , Philippine Young Movie & TV Actor (b. 1975 )2002 - Rachel Levy and Ayat al-Akhras , Israeli and Palestinian children
2003 - Carlo Urbani , Italian physician (SARS ) (b. 1956 )2005 - Johnnie Cochran , American lawyer (b. 1937 )2005 - Mitch Hedberg , American comedian (b. 1968 )
2005 - Miltos Sahtouris , Greek poet (b. 1919 )
2006 - Salvador Elizondo , Mexican writer (b. 1932 )2007 - Calvin Lockhart , Bahamian actor (b. 1934 )
Holidays and observances
External links
